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Overview

A is the mechanism through which administrators expose storage tiers to users. Each type maps to a backend driver and optionally enforces I/O quality-of-service limits. When creating a volume, selecting the appropriate type ensures the data lands on the correct hardware and receives the expected performance characteristics.
Prerequisites
  • Volume types are defined by your administrator
  • Contact your administrator if the required type is not available in your project

Storage Tiers

Xloud Block Storage supports tiered storage configurations. Each tier corresponds to a hardware class with distinct performance characteristics:
TierHardwareIOPS (4K Random)ThroughputBest For
NVMePCIe NVMe SSDs100,000 – 1,000,0003 – 14 GB/sTransactional databases, low-latency caches, real-time analytics
SSDSATA/SAS SSDs10,000 – 100,000500 MB/s – 2 GB/sWeb application data, VM boot disks, general-purpose workloads
Standard7.2K/10K RPM HDDs150 – 500100 – 300 MB/sArchival storage, bulk data, infrequent access
Select the tier based on your workload’s I/O profile — not just raw capacity. Placing a high-transaction database on a Standard (HDD) type will result in significant latency and throughput bottlenecks. Use NVMe for latency-sensitive workloads and SSD for most application data.

View Available Volume Types

Navigate to Project → Volumes → Volume Types to view all types available to your project. The list displays the type name, associated backend, and any extra specifications set by your administrator.

Select a Volume Type for Your Workload

Recommended tier: NVMe or SSDDatabases require consistent low-latency random I/O. NVMe is the preferred choice for production databases with high transaction rates. SSD provides an acceptable balance for development and staging environments.
DatabaseRecommended TypeRationale
MySQL / MariaDB (production)nvmeHigh write IOPS for WAL and data pages
PostgreSQL (production)nvmeRandom read/write for shared_buffers and WAL
MongoDBssdMixed read/write, benefits from SSD caching
Development / stagingssdCost-effective for lower traffic
Recommended tier: SSDWeb application data — configuration, assets, application state — requires moderate IOPS with good throughput. SSD types deliver an optimal balance of performance and cost for these workloads.
Recommended tier: Standard (HDD)Log archives, data warehouses, and infrequently accessed bulk storage do not require high IOPS. Standard HDD-backed volumes provide large capacity at lower cost per GiB.
Recommended tier: SSDVM boot volumes are read-intensively at startup and write-intensively during OS operations. SSD provides the performance needed for fast boot times and responsive OS operations.

Encryption-Enabled Types

Some volume types have encryption configured by your administrator. Volumes created from an encrypted type are automatically encrypted at creation — no additional action is required from you.
Encrypted volume types require the Xloud Key Management service to be accessible. If encryption is required for compliance, confirm with your administrator that an encrypted type is available and that key management is configured for your environment.
Check if a volume type has encryption configured
openstack volume type show <type-name> -c encryption

Next Steps

Create a Volume

Create a volume using the appropriate type for your workload

Volume Types Admin

Administrators: create types, set backend associations, and configure QoS

Storage Tiers (Admin)

Configure NVMe, SSD, and HDD tier mappings for your storage cluster

Encryption (Admin)

Enable at-rest encryption on volume types using the key management service