Compliance and Auditing

Overview

Xloud Cloud Platform generates structured audit logs for all API calls, authentication events, and administrative operations. Logs follow the CADF (Cloud Audit Data Federation) standard and can be shipped to external SIEM systems, log aggregation pipelines, or retained locally with configurable retention policies. This page covers audit log configuration, aggregation, and framework-by-framework compliance mapping.

Prerequisites

Administrator role in Xloud Identity
For log aggregation: XIMP (Infrastructure Monitoring) enabled with the centralized logging add-on
For compliance reports: access to the audit log pipeline or SIEM tool receiving Xloud events

Audit Logging

CADF Event Structure

Every platform event produces a CADF-formatted audit record:

Example CADF audit event

{
  "typeURI": "http://schemas.dmtf.org/cloud/audit/1.0/event",
  "id": "evt-a1b2c3d4-...",
  "eventTime": "2025-03-18T09:30:00.000000+00:00",
  "action": "create",
  "outcome": "success",
  "initiator": {
    "typeURI": "service/security/account/user",
    "id": "user-id-...",
    "name": "admin",
    "project_id": "project-id-...",
    "host": {
      "address": "10.0.0.100",
      "agent": "python-keystoneclient"
    }
  },
  "target": {
    "typeURI": "compute/machine",
    "id": "server-id-...",
    "name": "prod-web-01"
  },
  "observer": {
    "typeURI": "service/compute",
    "id": "nova-api-host-01"
  },
  "reason": {
    "reasonCode": "200",
    "reasonType": "HTTP"
  }
}

Enable Audit Middleware

Audit middleware is enabled per service. By default, all Xloud API services have audit middleware active. To verify:

Check audit middleware status

docker exec nova_api grep -i "audit" /etc/nova/nova.conf | grep -v "^#"

To enable or reconfigure audit middleware explicitly:

/etc/xavs/globals.d/_60_audit.yml

nova_audit_events: "all"
keystone_audit_events: "all"
neutron_audit_events: "all"
cinder_audit_events: "all"
glance_audit_events: "all"

Log Aggregation and Retention

Centralized Logging (XIMP)
CLI

Enable central logging

In XDeploy, navigate to Configuration → Global Settings and enable Central Logging. This activates Fluentd on all nodes and deploys OpenSearch as the log aggregation backend.

Configure retention policy

Navigate to XIMP → Log Management → Index Policies. Set the retention period:

Log Type	Minimum Retention	Recommended
Authentication events	90 days	1 year
API audit events	90 days	1 year
Service logs	30 days	90 days
Security events	1 year	3 years

Some compliance frameworks require specific minimum retention periods. PCI-DSS requires 1 year with 3 months immediately available. HIPAA requires 6 years for audit logs. Configure retention before collecting audit data.

Configure SIEM forwarding

To forward audit events to an external SIEM:Navigate to XIMP → Integrations → Log Forwarding and configure the SIEM endpoint, authentication, and event filter.

Events appear in the SIEM within the configured polling interval (typically 30–60 seconds).

Enable centralized logging

# /etc/xavs/globals.d/_60_logging.yml
enable_central_logging: "yes"
opensearch_log_retention_days: 365
fluentd_syslog_port: 5140

Deploy logging stack

xavs-ansible deploy --tags fluentd,opensearch,opensearch-dashboards

Query audit logs via OpenSearch API

curl -sk -u admin:<password> \
  "https://10.0.1.71:9200/audit-*/_search" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "query": {
      "bool": {
        "filter": [
          {"term": {"action": "delete"}},
          {"range": {"eventTime": {"gte": "now-24h"}}}
        ]
      }
    },
    "sort": [{"eventTime": "desc"}],
    "size": 50
  }' | python3 -m json.tool

Compliance Framework Mapping

The following table maps Xloud platform controls to requirements in major compliance frameworks.

Control	SOC 2	ISO 27001	HIPAA	PCI-DSS	GDPR
TLS for all API endpoints	CC6.1	A.10.1.1	§ 164.312(e)	4.1	Art. 32
Token-based authentication	CC6.1, CC6.2	A.9.4.2	§ 164.312(d)	8.3	Art. 32
RBAC policy enforcement	CC6.3	A.9.4.1	§ 164.312(a)	7.1	Art. 25
Audit logging (CADF)	CC7.2	A.12.4.1	§ 164.312(b)	10.2	Art. 30
Log retention ≥ 1 year	CC7.2	A.12.4.1	§ 164.312(b)	10.7	Art. 30
Volume encryption (LUKS)	CC6.7	A.10.1.1	§ 164.312(a)(2)(iv)	3.4, 3.5	Art. 32
Key management (Barbican)	CC6.7	A.10.1.2	§ 164.312(e)(2)	3.6	Art. 32
Network segmentation	CC6.6	A.13.1.1	§ 164.312(a)	1.1	Art. 25
Security group enforcement	CC6.6	A.13.1.3	§ 164.312(a)	1.2	Art. 32
Change tracking	CC8.1	A.12.1.2	§ 164.312(b)	6.4.5	Art. 30
Vulnerability scanning	CC7.1	A.12.6.1	§ 164.308(a)(8)	6.3.3	Art. 32

Security Scanning and Vulnerability Management

Schedule regular vulnerability scans

Integrate Xloud with your vulnerability scanning tool (Wazuh, OpenVAS, Qualys, or similar). Scan all compute nodes and control plane hosts at minimum monthly.

Run Lynis system audit

lynis audit system --quick --report-file /var/log/lynis-report-$(date +%Y%m%d).txt

Review and triage findings

Prioritize findings by CVSS score:

Severity	CVSS Range	Target Remediation
Critical	9.0–10.0	24 hours
High	7.0–8.9	7 days
Medium	4.0–6.9	30 days
Low	0.1–3.9	90 days

Patch and re-scan

Apply patches via the standard XOS update process and re-scan to confirm remediation.

Apply security updates on all nodes

xavs-ansible deploy --tags common --limit control,compute

Re-scan confirms the vulnerability is resolved. Update the compliance tracking document with the remediation date.

Change Tracking

All infrastructure changes made through XDeploy, xavs-ansible, and the Xloud API are recorded with timestamps, user identity, and the before/after state.

View recent deployment history

xavs-ansible facts --list-hosts all
cat /var/log/xavs/ansible.log | grep -E "PLAY|TASK|fatal" | tail -50

For platform API changes, query the audit log:

Filter audit events for a specific user

# Via OpenSearch
curl -sk -u admin:<password> \
  "https://10.0.1.71:9200/audit-*/_search" \
  -d '{"query": {"term": {"initiator.name": "admin"}}, "size": 100}'

Incident Response

Suspected credential compromise

Immediate actions:

Revoke the compromised credential or token immediately:

openstack user password set --password <new-strong-password> <user>
# Revoke all active tokens for the user:
openstack token revoke $(openstack token issue -c id -f value)

Review audit logs for the compromised account in the 30 days prior to detection.
Identify all resources created or modified with the compromised credential.
Rotate any application credentials created by the affected account.
File an incident report with exact timeline, affected resources, and remediation actions taken.

Unauthorized API access detected

Investigation steps:

Identify the source IP and token from the audit log.
Check whether the token is still valid:
```
openstack token validate <token-id>
```
Revoke the token if it remains active.
Review HAProxy access logs for all requests from the source IP.
Determine whether a firewall block is warranted at the network perimeter.

Encryption key suspected compromised

Immediate actions:

Identify all volumes and objects using the compromised key.
Snapshot all affected volumes immediately.
Create new encrypted volumes with a fresh key, copy data, and delete old volumes.
Delete the compromised key from Xloud Key Management after verifying all data has been migrated.
Document the scope of exposure and notify relevant parties per your incident response policy.

Next Steps

Hardening Guide

Pre-deployment hardening checklist to meet baseline compliance requirements

Infrastructure Security

TLS configuration for SOC 2 and PCI-DSS encryption-in-transit controls

Data Security

Volume and object encryption for data-at-rest compliance requirements

Monitoring (XIMP)

Log aggregation, alerting, and security event dashboards

Core Services

Other Services

Compliance and Auditing

Overview

Audit Logging

CADF Event Structure

Enable Audit Middleware

Log Aggregation and Retention

Enable central logging

Configure retention policy

Configure SIEM forwarding

Compliance Framework Mapping

Security Scanning and Vulnerability Management

Schedule regular vulnerability scans

Review and triage findings

Patch and re-scan

Change Tracking

Incident Response

Next Steps

Hardening Guide

Infrastructure Security

Data Security

Monitoring (XIMP)

Core Services

Other Services

​Overview

​Audit Logging

​CADF Event Structure

​Enable Audit Middleware

​Log Aggregation and Retention

Enable central logging

Configure retention policy

Configure SIEM forwarding

​Compliance Framework Mapping

​Security Scanning and Vulnerability Management

Schedule regular vulnerability scans

Review and triage findings

Patch and re-scan

​Change Tracking

​Incident Response

​Next Steps

Hardening Guide

Infrastructure Security

Data Security

Monitoring (XIMP)

Overview

Audit Logging

CADF Event Structure

Enable Audit Middleware

Log Aggregation and Retention

Compliance Framework Mapping

Security Scanning and Vulnerability Management

Change Tracking

Incident Response

Next Steps